The Republic of Party Offices: How Every Street Corner Became a Political Outpost Walk through Kolkata or almost any town in West Bengal and one notices a peculiar urban phenomenon. Before finding a library, a community centre, a youth innovation hub, or even a public reading room, one is likely to encounter a political party office. Some are permanent buildings; others are makeshift structures. Together, they have become so ubiquitous that they appear to sprout overnight like mushrooms after the monsoon. This is not merely an aesthetic problem. It is a symptom of a deeper political culture. Across most metropolitan cities of India—Mumbai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Chennai, Pune, Ahmedabad or Gurugram—political parties certainly maintain offices. Yet these are generally concentrated in designated locations and administrative centres. They do not typically dominate every neighbourhood as the most visible civic institution. West Bengal, particularly Kolkata and its surrounding districts, pre...